Whether you’re at beginner or intermediate level of stitching, heres a handy little guide or a refresher on the basic stitches we all should and need to know.
Straight Stitch
This is the most common/basic stitch, that everyone uses to sew two or more layers of fabric together. The length that should be used, all depends on the type of fabric you will be sewing but a good start off length is 2.5mm which is best for lightweight materials such as cottons. The bulkier the fabric the longer your stitches should be.
Back Stitching
This stitch basically is what it says on the tin, a straight stitch that is sewn backwards. This sewing technique is used to secure and strengthen you sewing at the start and end of your stitches.
Zig-Zag Stitch
A zig-zag stitch can be used to neaten the edge of your fabric if you do not have access to an overlocker. It can also be used to sew seams on fabric that has a stretch to it such as knit fabrics or lycra based materials.
Stay Stitch/Tacking
Stay stitch or tacking is usually done by hand sewing but they can also be achieved on a sewing machine.
A stay stitch is usually used to prevent a curved pattern piece or fabric cut on the bias from stretching out of place as you handle them.
Tacking stitching is straight stitch but of a longer length. It is to hold layers of fabric together temporarily. This stitch is perfect to use if you have a lot of layers to be sewn together or with delicate fabrics that pins can easily snag or pluck.
(Tacking can be quickly and easily removed once your permanent stitches are in place.)
Overcasting
Overcasting/overlocking is a neatening stitch which is usually created by using an overlocker. This stitch is used to stop your fabrics from fraying and also creates a neat, professional finish.
Overcasting can also be achieved on a sewing machine. I created this sample by using my overlocking machine foot.
Overlocking is sewn right on the edge of the seam allowance.
(This can also be created by using a zig-zag stitch)